1. U.S. Const. Art 1 § 2.
2. U.S. Const. Art. 1 § 4.
3. Wesberry v. Sanders, 376 U.S. 1 (1964).
4. Reynolds v. Sims, 377 U.S. 533 (1964).
5. “The Problem” (Voters Not Politicians, 2018), https://perma.cc/93XV-YKQL.
6. In Re Apportionment of State Legislature 1982, 413 Mich. 96 (1982).
7. Bernard Apol, “Legislative Reapportionment in Michigan,” Michigan Commentary (Public Sector Consultants, Inc., Dec. 16, 1987), https://perma.cc/U7BP-96NK.
8. Chris Couch, “Legislative Redistricting” (Michigan House Fiscal Agency, Jan. 2, 1997), https://perma.cc/6JUU-SNP5; Frederick Headen, “Where Reapportionment Stands Today” (Citizens Research Council of Michigan, March 17, 1992), https://perma.cc/RD2K-M92F.
9. In Re Apportionment of State Legislature 1982, 413 Mich. 96 (1982).
10. “Public Act 463 of 1996” (State of Michigan, Dec. 26, 1996), https://perma.cc/6483-SNWB.
11. “Public Act 221 of 1999” (State of Michigan, Dec. 28, 1999), https://perma.cc/B9NX-HCCS.
12. LeRoux v. Secretary of State, 465 Mich. 594; 640 NW 2d 849 (2002).
13. Justin Levitt, “All About Redistricting: Who Draws the Lines?” (Loyala Law School Los Angeles, 2018), https://perma.cc/MQD3-THT7.
14. Ibid.
15. Ibid.
16. Ibid.
17. Mich Const Art. IV § 2-6.
18. “Department of State: Funding History” (Michigan Senate Fiscal Agency, Aug. 2, 2018), https://perma.cc/2W4F-RFAZ.
19. MCL § 15.263.
20. “Quantifying the Level of Gerrymandering in Michigan” (Citizens Research Council of Michigan, Jun. 2018), 31–35, https://perma.cc/ S9CZ-AW3G.
21. “Communities of Interest” (Brennan Center for Justice, Nov. 2010), https://perma.cc/X8PQ-XX8H.
22. In Re Apportionment of State Legislature 1982, 413 Mich. 96 (1982).
23. “Congressional and Legislative Redistricting Reform” (Citizens Research Council of Michigan, May 2011), 26, https://perma.cc/E6VX-KP6T.